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Beyond Penn's Treaty

A Series of letters written on a Journey to the Oneida, Onondago, and Cayuga Tribes of the Five Nations

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seven years, dined with us, and we went in the afternoon to the Town
consisting of the Council House and 5 or 6 bark cabbins, but the Indians were
generally out fishing, hunting, & there Corn being already spent. Ten or a
dozen of them however came together after a while, to whom we opened our
business, and learned from them that they were about 130 in number and
received 125 Dollars a year from the Government of New York, which will be
doubled by a late sale of the greatest part of their Land, leaving them an
excellent Tract extending four miles by five. They seemed unwilling to
hear us in the absence of the rest, having evidently formed great expectations
of something to be done immediately: but we thought it best to proceed so
they could not readily be got together; and to make them easy left our
speech in writing, to the effect that they should be furnished with some
implements of husbandry next Spring, and that we would bring up some
of their Children to useful learning and trades if they would send
them down to us. The next afternoon we reached Frederick Gerhart

's
near the Cayuga settlement, walked over to one of the hovels in the evening, and appointed
a Conference for Second day, by sunrise. This Tribe lives principally
by fishing, the Cayuga Lake 40 miles long, and 2 or 3 wide, abounding in
Trout, Catfish, and particularly Eels. There are but about eighty of them
here upon 4000 acres of land, they having lately sold all the rest for
an annuity of about 1500 Dollars, including 500 they had before. They
appear to be irreclaimably sunk into the lethargick